Human–elephant interactions increasingly occur where expanding human activities overlap with elephant habitats, often resulting in conflict that threatens both people and wildlife. Traditionally framed as human–elephant conflict (HEC), these situations are now more constructively approached as opportunities for human–elephant coexistence, recognising that with the right strategies, shared landscapes can support both communities and elephant populations. Addressing these challenges requires integrated solutions that combine scientific research, practical mitigation measures, community engagement, and policy support, with the ultimate aim of fostering sustainable coexistence and long-term conservation outcomes.